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Executive Functions Impaired in ADD/ADHD
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<blockquote data-quote="TiredSoul" data-source="post: 609547" data-attributes="member: 3930"><p>The more I look at Executive Functioning Disorder, the more it fits Bubby. ADHD does not describe the picture accurately enough. This site has some good info too:</p><p></p><p><a href="http://learningworksforkids.com/executive-dysfunctions/" target="_blank">http://learningworksforkids.com/executive-dysfunctions/</a></p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Sustained attention " has difficulty attending in the presence of distractions; has problems sustaining attention and effort levels while engaged in tasks</p><p> Working memory " has difficulty following multi-step directions; has problems remembering what he/she has read</p><p> Response inhibition " has difficulty thinking before acting</p><p> Time management " may waste time or rush through tasks, thus executing them inefficiently and ineffectively</p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"><strong></strong></span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"><strong>Diagnosis: Executive Functioning Disorder</strong></span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"></span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000">Impaired executive skills:</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"></span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Task initiation " has difficulty knowing how to get started on a task and sustaining the attention and effort levels needed to complete the task</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Planning " has difficulty identifying and employing strategies and systematic approaches in order to reach a goal</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Working memory " has difficulty keeping things in mind and controlling attention while engaged in an activity</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Organization " has difficulty organizing objects, ideas, and possessions</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Flexibility " has the tendency to be rigid and to not learn from mistakes</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Regulation of affect " struggles to manage feelings, actions, and frustrations</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Time management " lacks efficiency in starting and completing tasks</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"> Social thinking " has difficulty understanding his/her motivations and the thoughts and feelings of others</span></p><p><span style="color: #FF0000"></span></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Asperger's Disorder</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills</p><p> Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines</p><p> Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Pervasive Developmental Disorder not otherwise specified</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills</p><p> Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines</p><p> Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Autism</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Social thinking - struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills</p><p> Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines</p><p> Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Dyslexia</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Working memory " may struggle to keep phonemes (letter sounds) in mind when decoding/sounding out words</p><p> Working memory " may struggle to keep in mind the meaning of previous sentences in order to attain/enhance reading comprehension</p><p> Organization " may struggle to keep ideas in mind in order to understand a paragraph, story, or book</p><p> Time management " may struggle with fluency and pace while reading, causing comprehension difficulties and other issues</p><p> Sustained attention " may have difficulty sustaining the attention and effort levels necessary to support the constant practice that struggling readers require</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Dysgraphia</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Time management " struggles with writing fluency and experiences difficulty due to the length of time that it takes to engage in producing written language</p><p> Organization " may struggle with organizing ideas for written materials; may have good ideas but cannot put them together in a meaningful fashion</p><p> Planning " may struggle to connect ideas in written form</p><p> Working memory " may have difficulty holding ideas in the mind while in the process of writing them down</p><p> Task persistence " may struggle to sustain the attention and effort levels necessary to complete tasks that are difficult for him/her</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Nonverbal Learning Disability</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills</p><p> Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines</p><p> Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Social Skills Deficits</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Metacognition " has difficulty understanding the impact of his/her behavior on others</p><p> Social thinking " may experience difficulty in observing nonverbal and social cues</p><p> Flexibility " may struggle to adapt to new or unexpected changes in social settings</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Anxiety</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Regulation of affect " may struggle to manage feelings of fear, worry, and tension</p><p> Flexibility " may be rigid and experience the need to have control in situations in order to reduce tension</p><p> Task initiation " has difficulty knowing how to get started on a task; becomes concerned with whether or not he/she is doing it correctly</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Depression</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Regulation of affect " struggles to manage sad and pessimistic feelings</p><p> Regulation of affect " may have difficulty managing negative self-thoughts</p><p> Metacognition " may struggle to accurately estimate his/her abilities, often underestimating him/herself</p><p> Task initiation " may struggle to get him/herself started on and energized to complete uninspiring tasks</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Oppositional Defiant Disorder</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Response inhibition " may act before thinking and engage in defiant behavior</p><p> Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her expectations and oppositional when things do not go the way that he/she expects them to</p><p> Regulation of affect " may easily anger with little cause/provocation</p><p></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: Conduct Disorder</strong></p><p></p><p>Impaired executive skills:</p><p></p><p> Response inhibition " may disregard the rights of others</p><p> Response inhibition " may act out in a violent or aggressive fashion</p><p> Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her expectations and oppositional when things do not go the way that he/she expects them to</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="TiredSoul, post: 609547, member: 3930"] The more I look at Executive Functioning Disorder, the more it fits Bubby. ADHD does not describe the picture accurately enough. This site has some good info too: [url]http://learningworksforkids.com/executive-dysfunctions/[/url] [B]Diagnosis: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder[/B] Impaired executive skills: Sustained attention " has difficulty attending in the presence of distractions; has problems sustaining attention and effort levels while engaged in tasks Working memory " has difficulty following multi-step directions; has problems remembering what he/she has read Response inhibition " has difficulty thinking before acting Time management " may waste time or rush through tasks, thus executing them inefficiently and ineffectively [COLOR="#FF0000"][B] Diagnosis: Executive Functioning Disorder[/B] Impaired executive skills: Task initiation " has difficulty knowing how to get started on a task and sustaining the attention and effort levels needed to complete the task Planning " has difficulty identifying and employing strategies and systematic approaches in order to reach a goal Working memory " has difficulty keeping things in mind and controlling attention while engaged in an activity Organization " has difficulty organizing objects, ideas, and possessions Flexibility " has the tendency to be rigid and to not learn from mistakes Regulation of affect " struggles to manage feelings, actions, and frustrations Time management " lacks efficiency in starting and completing tasks Social thinking " has difficulty understanding his/her motivations and the thoughts and feelings of others [/COLOR] [B]Diagnosis: Asperger's Disorder[/B] Impaired executive skills: Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort [B]Diagnosis: Pervasive Developmental Disorder not otherwise specified[/B] Impaired executive skills: Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort [B]Diagnosis: Autism[/B] Impaired executive skills: Social thinking - struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort [B]Diagnosis: Dyslexia[/B] Impaired executive skills: Working memory " may struggle to keep phonemes (letter sounds) in mind when decoding/sounding out words Working memory " may struggle to keep in mind the meaning of previous sentences in order to attain/enhance reading comprehension Organization " may struggle to keep ideas in mind in order to understand a paragraph, story, or book Time management " may struggle with fluency and pace while reading, causing comprehension difficulties and other issues Sustained attention " may have difficulty sustaining the attention and effort levels necessary to support the constant practice that struggling readers require [B]Diagnosis: Dysgraphia[/B] Impaired executive skills: Time management " struggles with writing fluency and experiences difficulty due to the length of time that it takes to engage in producing written language Organization " may struggle with organizing ideas for written materials; may have good ideas but cannot put them together in a meaningful fashion Planning " may struggle to connect ideas in written form Working memory " may have difficulty holding ideas in the mind while in the process of writing them down Task persistence " may struggle to sustain the attention and effort levels necessary to complete tasks that are difficult for him/her [B]Diagnosis: Nonverbal Learning Disability[/B] Impaired executive skills: Social thinking " struggles to understand social cues and lacks social-communication skills Flexibility - may be rigid with regard to his/her interests; struggles with changing routines Planning " may have difficulty thinking about all the different sides of a situation or determining where to devote his/her energy and effort [B]Diagnosis: Social Skills Deficits[/B] Impaired executive skills: Metacognition " has difficulty understanding the impact of his/her behavior on others Social thinking " may experience difficulty in observing nonverbal and social cues Flexibility " may struggle to adapt to new or unexpected changes in social settings [B]Diagnosis: Anxiety[/B] Impaired executive skills: Regulation of affect " may struggle to manage feelings of fear, worry, and tension Flexibility " may be rigid and experience the need to have control in situations in order to reduce tension Task initiation " has difficulty knowing how to get started on a task; becomes concerned with whether or not he/she is doing it correctly [B]Diagnosis: Depression[/B] Impaired executive skills: Regulation of affect " struggles to manage sad and pessimistic feelings Regulation of affect " may have difficulty managing negative self-thoughts Metacognition " may struggle to accurately estimate his/her abilities, often underestimating him/herself Task initiation " may struggle to get him/herself started on and energized to complete uninspiring tasks [B]Diagnosis: Oppositional Defiant Disorder[/B] Impaired executive skills: Response inhibition " may act before thinking and engage in defiant behavior Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her expectations and oppositional when things do not go the way that he/she expects them to Regulation of affect " may easily anger with little cause/provocation [B]Diagnosis: Conduct Disorder[/B] Impaired executive skills: Response inhibition " may disregard the rights of others Response inhibition " may act out in a violent or aggressive fashion Flexibility " may be rigid with regard to his/her expectations and oppositional when things do not go the way that he/she expects them to [/QUOTE]
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